part 135 helicopter pilot requirements

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part 135 helicopter pilot requirements

Task specialists Division 9 — Training 139. The requirements of a part 135competency check are not specified in 14 CFR but are left to the discretion of the Administrator and the check pilot conducting the check. in these events simultaneously when the check pilot is not seated at the controls. available, operations specifications (OpSpecs) requirements, and the environment in which the operations may occur. 135.297 - Pilot in command: Instrument proficiency check requirements. Civil Aviation Rules Part 135 CAA Consolidation 10 May 2019 11 CAA of NZ Subpart A — General 135.1 Purpose This Part prescribes rules governing air transport operations and commercial transport operations using— (1) aeroplanes having a seating configuration of 9 seats or less, excluding any required crew member seat, and a MCTOW of Initial night vision enhancement device Deviation Not Justified. No. What is the importance of proficiency in severallanguages for a Part 135 pilot?English language may be enoughwith a private Part 135 pilot who onlyneeds to understand control towers.But other Part 135 pilot, who flypublicly, knowing more than onelanguage is the need and useful.Pilot interview questions – Page 2 of 14 3. When the check is being conducted in a helicopter that requires the check pilot to divert his or her attention from Sec. of the same M/M helicopter, some with attitude reference instrumentation and not previously proven for use in its operations; or. The two biggest issues that will impact current operations are the Part 135 duty time rule with med crew on board.Until now, we were allowed to reposition back to base with med crew on board past the 14th hour,using Part 91 as the loophole.Now, everyone will have to be back at base by the 14th hour.Huge repercussions for the CBS type operation. 135.293 - Initial and recurrent pilot testing requirements. •    Section For an SIC proficiency check •    Section under visual flight rules (VFR) prior to the IIMC. -Must complete PFRA and have it approved by OCC IOT comply with Part 135.617. •    Line-Oriented Flight Training (LOFT) (part Pilot experience 135. The check must include as many emergency procedures pilots who will be required to become qualified on the airplanes operated from that domicile. two Nonprecision Approaches (NPA) authorized by the OpSpecs may be accomplished at the discretion of the inspector or check pilot conducting the check. 135 Checking Modules—Airplanes. certificate holder’s OpSpec A003 only authorizes day VFR operations for a specific M/M helicopter that is not equipped Let’s get a little deeper into what Parts 91, 121, and 135 mean. •    Operating Experience (OE) and operating cycles (§ 2 Prestart and starting procedures must include: (1) use of the prestart indication of an impending stall (buffet, stick shaker, aural warning). •    Group I turbopropeller—20 hours and four operating cycles with receipt of takeoff clearance and confirmation of aircraft location, and (3) 8 The approved recovery procedure must be initiated at the first •    Group I reciprocating—15 hours and four operating cycles with instrument (if aircraft is so equipped) approach appropriate to circumstances. •    Multiengine, turbine-powered airplanes and helicopters—20 hours. of 50 percent of engines on one side is required. with gusts is only required if practicable under the existing meteorological, airport, and traffic conditions. The lowest-earning Helicopter Pilots … According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average salary of a Helicopter Pilot is $111,680 annually. §§ 121.420 and not more than 360 degrees. required if the certificate holder is authorized by OpSpec C075 to conduct circling PART 135 § 135.247 Pilot qualifications: Recent experience. 121.403, Training Program: Curriculum. or pilots already qualified as SIC and requalifying as FE, may complete the entire flight check in an FFS. •    An air carrier establishes a new domicile to which it assigns 121 Flight Engineer Flight Check. •    A newly certificated air carrier does not employ any pilots who 16097, 43 FR 46783 ... Of a helicopter in a scheduled interstate … Therefore, time spent by a pilot or FE while not seated at the controls or FE 5 For checking conducted in an airplane in flight, crosswind takeoff excessive maneuvering, and without exceeding the normal operating limits of Task specialists Division 9 — Training 139. pilot is trained in its use, the autopilot may be used in the accomplishment of this task. However, if a pilot will serve in At least two landings to a full stop must be •    Group I turbopropeller—12 hours and four operating cycles with position and waypoints, and confirming navigation setup; •    W&B computation (including last-minute changes); •    Pushback and powerback procedures and limitations; •    Procedures for fueling and confirming fuel loads; •    Familiarity with major terminal areas; •    Terminal and en route communications; •    Flight progress and fuel monitoring procedures; NOTE:  In accordance with § Many of these new regulations have already been complied with, either voluntarily or because of persuasion from the FAA, by way of operating to Part 135 standards. Part-66 / AMC Amendment 5. 121.434(d) also POIs must ensure applicants accomplish this event in an aircraft the certificate 135.299 - Pilot in command: Line checks: Routes and airports. •    An ATP Certificate (or an ATP Certificate with restricted privileges). 135.299 - Pilot in command: Line checks: Routes and airports. 2. PIC or SIC “must perform the duties” of a PIC or SIC, respectively, under the supervision of a check pilot (refer to runways, and (3) observation of all surface movement guidance control markings Home > Aviation Regulations > Parts Index > Part 135 > Sec. 6 – Austin’s Very Easy Guide to Passing Your Part 135 IFR-PIC Checkride Although much of the information contained in this series is generic and could potentially apply to many areas of aviation, it is designed specifically as a study aid for those pilots engaged in on-demand Part 135 single-pilot methods. This maneuver may be waived at the discretion of the POI or check pilot. Courses Using Flight Simulation Training Devices. 121 operations until completing another § Program: Approval of Flight Simulation Training Devices. In delivering Your CTS package, we can also custom-build training courses, assist you in selecting any of our current courses to meet training requirements, and align your training manual to CTS while making suggestions to help fill any gaps. Manually Controlled ILS with Simulated Powerplant Failure12. The standard required for basic checks is at least that required for obtaining the certificate which must be held to act as PIC. The pilot certification requirements for pilots conducting part 135 helicopter operations are as follows: 1) All PICs and SICs must hold at least the following: • Commercial Pilot Certificate or ATP Certificate, as appropriate; • Rotorcraft category rating; •    At least 2½ hours are spent in the LOFT scenario. •    Operating in or near thunderstorms (including best penetrating Aeronautical Experience Requirements Summary. The two biggest issues that will impact current operations are the Part 135 duty time rule with med crew on board.Until now, we were allowed to reposition back to base with med crew on board past the 14th hour,using Part 91 as the loophole.Now, everyone will have to be back at base by the 14th hour.Huge repercussions for the CBS type operation. NOTE:  If a part NVG Pilot Training Requirements FAR 135 The following guidance is provided by the Federal Aviation Administration as the minimum training required to act as pilot in command of an aircraft while using Night Vision Goggles (NVGs) under FAR Part 135. 13 Each nonprecision approach must be a type of nonprecision approach radio and electronic equipment checks, and (5) the selection of proper navigation and communications radio facilities and frequencies prior to flight. in the airplane type and flightcrew member duty position; or. 135.243(d) and over the runway threshold. autopilots and flight directors (FD). May be waived at the discretion of the Principal Operations Inspector (POI) and the check pilot when the check is 121.433, Training Required. Many of these requirements also address •    Section •    Section Part 135 Initial Pilot Training Get the most comprehensive and efficient initial ground training for your pilots. The event should reflect When the pilot is authorized Therefore, 133. •    The appropriate provisions of the approved flight manual. at least two as the PF. Training equipment 141. A body weight outside this range in incompatible with pilot training. (2) Has had at least 1,200 hours of flight time as a pilot, including 500 hours of cross-country flight time, 100 hours of night flight time, and 75 hours of actual or simulated instrument time at least 50 hours of which were in actual flight; and 18/12/2007. 21 If the certificate holder is authorized by OpSpec C048 to conduct 61.160 is not sufficient); •    Appropriate aircraft type rating; and, •    Airplane Single-Engine Sea (ASES), or. transition from enhanced flight vision to natural vision at 100 feet above the TDZE. 121.425(a)(2)(iii), FEs 121.434 (refer h�bbd``b` �@�" ��$��s+�Ub� ^{ �m if the certificate holder conducts both •    Section 135.301 allows instructions must include: (1) use of airport diagram (surface movement Table 3-71. The person completing the proficiency check must be employed by the certificate holder as a pilot. 13/03/2007. that do not have an observer seat on the flight deck; •    The total number and airplane types operated by the certificate holder in part 61, § 61.159. •    Section 121.445, Pilot in Command Airport Qualification: Special Areas and Airports. •    Commercial Pilot Certificate or ATP Certificate, as appropriate; •    25 night, cross-country flight-hours. NOTE:  In order for a PIC or SIC to acquire the required OE hours, that 120-35, •    At least 2½ hours are spent in the LOFT scenario, and. 121.652), and/or. (a) No certificate holder may use any person, nor may any person serve, as pilot in command of an aircraft carrying passengers unless, within the preceding 90 days, that person has—. 135.89 Pilot requirements: Use of oxygen. 61.157, Flight Proficiency. •    Section at least two as the pilot flying (PF). Both the PIC and second in command (SIC). Vol. Other SIC proficiency checks need only include taxiing to the extent practical from the assigned SIC seat position. The missed approaches Experience requirements for helicopter pilot operating to offshore sites 136. 1. 121.418, Differences Therefore, if the certificate holder is authorized to conduct operations under both 121.435, Pilots: Operations Familiarization. •    Section We are also able to provide Type Ratings in our EC120, EC130 and BK117 helicopters. Part 135 subpart L addresses safety improvements for commercial helicopter operations through requirements for equipment, pilot testing, alternate airports and increased weather minimums for all General Aviation (GA) helicopter operations. Part 91 regulations are a set of defined conditions under which the aircraft must operate. A pilot need not be evaluated in circling approaches when the certificate holder’s Volume 3, Chapter 19, Section 1. •    Section •    Section 121 subparts 11 Holding must include entering, maintaining, and leaving holding and qualification program, and for identifying and correcting training deficiencies. holder uses in revenue operations (or in an appropriately equipped flight simulation training device (FSTD)). Except as provided in § 135.3, this subpart prescribes the flight crewmember requirements for operations under this part. 7955 0 obj <> endobj For all other airplanes, a simulated failure REQUIREMENTS. Sec. 135.245, Second in Command Qualifications. A Part 135 pilot also receives much more training than a private pilot. from 100 feet above the TDZE to touchdown and rollout. A deviation from these requirements may be granted to an applicant who intends to operate as a Single Pilot in Command or a Basic FAR Part 135 … •    Special operations experience (such as Class II long-range navigation (LORAN)). 106(f), 106(g), 40113, 41706, 44701-44702, 44705, 44709, 44711-44713, 44715 … a flight path that permits a normal landing on a runway at least 90 degrees conducted in an airplane in-flight, if circumstances beyond the control of the The rule outlines both Ground and Flight training requirements. not required to repeat the consolidation requirements as a PIC on the same airplane type. § 135.247 - Pilot qualifications: Recent ... § 135.241 - Applicability. 135.323, Training Program: General. must be commenced at approximately 50 feet over the runway and approximately (a) No certificate holder may use a person, nor may any person serve, as pilot in command in passenger-carrying operations— B. 135 helicopter New Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) helicopter safety rules go into effect April 22, 2014. part 121 and in the variation without attitude reference instrumentation, the requirement To clarify, the rule requires that pilots, on the annual written or oral test required by § 135.293(a), demonstrate knowledge of procedures for aircraft handling in flat-light, whiteout, and brownout All kinds of helicopters require knowing the Part 135 regulations. 15 Circling approaches and circling approaches to landing are only •    Group I reciprocating—10 hours and four operating cycles with and limitations relating thereto; and. 135.335, Approval of Aircraft Simulators and Other Training Devices. $x@�@�/��RRb}�MiSM9L�� C)'�?z� � {�H Composition of cabin crew 138. •    To ensure that each flightcrew member has reached an acceptable 135.243 — Pilot in command qualifications. The circling approach 6. be waived. This license entitles the person to pilot a helicopter carrying non-fare-paying passengers. Private Helicopter Pilot License Requirements. Certificate issued per the reduced flight‑hours in § h�b```��,�9B cb� � #3� -Must complete PFRA and have it approved by OCC IOT comply with Part 135.617. as necessary, to meet the learning objectives. Part 135. local conditions beyond the control of the pilot prohibit the circling approach or prevent it from being performed as required, it may Part 135 subpart L addresses safety improvements for commercial helicopter operations through requirements for equipment, pilot testing, alternate airports and increased weather minimums for all General Aviation (GA) helicopter operations. •    The pilots swap seats at approximately the midpoint in the LOFT. Stall Warning Devices, Stall Avoidance Devices, and Stability Augmentation Systems, Any other systems, devices, or aids available. Volume 5, Chapter 3, Section 5. •    Observation from the flight deck observer seat of a flightcrew Table 3-69. 17 For checking conducted in an airplane in-flight, if circumstances NOTE:  If for mechanical or other reasons the check cannot be completed station, as applicable, including time spent resting, as required by 14 CFR part 61.160, Aeronautical Figure 3-80. Also, it covers the rules on people on board of these types of aircraft. Contact. Prevention and Recovery Training, for recommended scenarios. at least two as the PF. This implies corporate, government, and helicopter operations. 121 operations At the discretion of the check pilot, a simulated powerplant Composition of cabin crew 138. Part 91: Applies to general aviation and some corporate commercial operations 135.243 - Pilot in command qualifications. Part 91 operators are also insured under a more limited set of regulations than Part 135 operators, and … Sec. •    Section Fantastic, but you should also know about the private pilot hours requirements. Examples of alternative methods include, but are not limited to, the following: •    Observation of a flightcrew completing a recurrent LOFT in an FFS. NOTE:  In accordance with § simultaneously when the check pilot is not seated at the controls. curriculum within the preceding 6 calendar-months, except upgrade training in accordance with CAPTAIN. Additionally, § 135.299, Pilot in Command: Line Checks: Routes and Airports. Check out the requirements for first officer and pilot career opportunities with Cape Air. 3 Taxiing, sailing, and docking procedures in compliance with ATC 135.293, Initial and Recurrent Pilot Testing Requirements. After April 24, 2017, no certificate holder may use, nor may any person serve as, a pilot in command of a helicopter air ambulance operation unless that person meets the requirements of § 135.243 and holds a helicopter instrument rating or an airline transport pilot certificate with a category and class rating for that aircraft, that is not limited to VFR. 135.327, Training Program: Curriculum. Any other emergency procedures in the flight manual. the pilot has a practical knowledge of the use of the systems and devices. •    Section Part (NVED)/NVG training does not require this maneuver to be demonstrated or performed. •    To provide a means for measuring the effectiveness of the training •    Part Part 135 Air Operations Helicopters and Small Aeroplanes Part 135 Air Operations Helicopters and Small Aeroplanes Part 135 lays out the requirements a certificated Part 119 airline air operator, or a certificated general aviation air operator must meet to carry out helicopter and small aeroplane operations, using: For example, if a pilot will only serve flight rules (VFR)-only operations with single‑engine reciprocating-powered airplanes in isolated areas, NOTE:  If a certificate holder proposes to use virtual reality, mixed is not conducted in conjunction with initial new-hire or initial equipment training. pilot prevent a landing, the check pilot may accept an approach to a point where a landing to a full stop could have been made. The event should reflect a realistic course of action the pilot might take to escape from an encounter with In multiengine airplanes, an engine-out instrument landing system (ILS) may be substituted •    Section A pilot need not be evaluated in circling approaches POIs should approve methods appropriate to the aircraft, equipment, and facilities available. Vol. Refer to the current edition of and V2 or V1 and rotation speed (VR) are identical, or (3) at the appropriate speed for nontransport category airplanes. However, if a certificate holder operates multiple variations NOTE:  A 2-hour qualification LOFT session for one pilot does not meet the training requirements of part W - Two of the three stall prevention recoveries may be waived. (b) the pilot in command does not hold a valid proficiency check, in accordance with the requirements prescribed by the Part 135 Manual of Standards, for the operator and the flight for a pilot who will be required to operate the aeroplane in the non‑command pilot’s seat. Qualification: Certificates and Experience Requirements. •    Section ... Aircraft Maintenance Licences Requirements - Part-66. 121.435. The rejected landing may be combined with an instrument approach, circling approach, or missed approach. 121 operations If a deviation is justified, the POI must evaluate For pilots who are authorized to conduct part NOTE:  Certain pilots conducting part Guidance Pertaining to Proficiency and Competency Checks, Subparagraphs 5-57A–E and Subparagraphs 5-58A–H, Subparagraphs 5-858C–J and Paragraphs 5-859 through 5-862. 135 OPERATION. •    75 actual or simulated instrument flight-hours, 50 of which must From the FAA 159 page document. NOTE:  A pilot completing a PIC proficiency check after upgrade training completed in accordance with §§ All training for private of commercial helicopter licences is carried out in our Robinson R22 helicopters. Experience requirements for pilot-in-command training 134. (See to conduct EFVS operations to 100 feet above the TDZE, at least one instrument approach to a landing must be made using an EFVS, Part 135 Commercial Air Transport Operations - Helicopters and Small Aeroplanes. Sec. Those are 135 VFR requirements. flight management system (FMS) entry, if appropriate, for the departure runway prior to crossing hold-short line for takeoff. Aircraft not used in Commercial Air Transport and Pilot-Owner Maintenance. Pilot in command 61.159, Aeronautical Experience: Airplane Category Rating. If you are in the military and you want to transition to the airlines, bust out the Part 121 regulations and start studying. procedures restrict that pilot (PIC or SIC) from conducting this event in revenue service. Recovery from IIMC is an emergency maneuver since the pilot would be operating 18 For checking conducted in an airplane in-flight, crosswind landing in Command: Instrument Proficiency Check Requirements. If you are an Army helicopter pilot looking for a helicopter job, read Part 135. An ATP FAR Part 135 allows for a deviation from the manual, training program, and management requirements. •    Section More. • Pilot Resume to include Total Pilot Hours (§135.63): All applicants must submit a pilot resume in the certification pack-age indicating that their work history and flying experience meets Part 135 requirements. Helicopters not having standby instrumentation. A specific part of CASR 121, Subpart 121.Z, applies if you are operating single-engine aeroplanes with a … endstream endobj startxref W - For proficiency checks conducted in an airplane in-flight, if operations to 100 feet above the touchdown zone elevation (TDZE), two instrument approaches must be made using an EFVS in each condition. 121.453, Flight Engineer Qualifications. 135.297, Pilot Experience, Operating Cycles, and Consolidation of Knowledge and Skills. It also states that the exception to 119.69 is the single pilot operator. • Corporation Papers: If a corporation makes the application, the FAA must have a copy of the Certificate of Incorpora- instrument approach must be made using an EFVS. to use all installed equipment including autopilots and flight directors (FD). 7974 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<2C15E732B5ADAF48A0A21EF65D5CE129>]/Index[7955 36]/Info 7954 0 R/Length 93/Prev 1494746/Root 7956 0 R/Size 7991/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream as the check pilot finds are necessary to determine that the pilot has adequate knowledge of and ability to perform such procedures. This will include a simulated night vision goggle (NVG) failure with appropriate recovery procedures. 121.425, Flight the final approach course and continue to touchdown or through the missed approach. 1. Part-M / AMC Amendment 3. The two differ only in … Part 135 visual flight rules (VFR) pilot experience requirements: 500 hours of total flight time; 100 hours of cross-country flight time. Sec. 10 During the area departure and area arrival, the pilot must adhere (Prior to the first leg of each helicopter air ambulance operation, the pilot in command must conduct a preflight risk analysis and complete the preflight risk analysis worksheet in accordance with … •    Section system (ILS) may be substituted for the normal ILS at the option of the inspector or check pilot administering the check. requires that FEs “must perform the duties” of an FE under the supervision of a check FE, check pilot, or qualified FE to acquire OE hours. 133. ; •    Minimum equipment list (MEL) and Configuration Deviation List (CDL). �oq���+����u?���(K~%(�S6@�"�:�N[�� ���攚e���ul�[�����飤����iF��H�3;E���Yv�]��z��,p촃�`�)�}��"��7�G>�k%i9i���W�9�Ή��+\�L��. level of proficiency in all assigned duties before being released from training and supervision; and. Experience requirements for helicopter pilot operating to offshore sites 136. Volume 5, Chapter 3, Section 2. part 135—operating requirements: commuter and on demand operations and rules governing persons on board such aircraft Gleim provides the contents of its FAR/AIM digitally on our website for the benefit of those customers who need a concise, easy-to-use, quick reference of those regulations. and one outboard engine is required. 12 The simulated powerplant failure must occur before initiating Appendix C to Part 135 Helicopter Flight Recorder ... Each certificate holder that was issued an air carrier or operating certificate and operations specifications under the requirements of part 135 of this chapter or under SFAR No. who are completing: Group II PIC, SIC, or FE initial new-hire; Group II PIC, SIC, or FE initial equipment; or Group II SIC transition. Pilot Certification Requirements - Helicopters. RESERVED. For checking NOTE:  People and equipment associated with assembly or maintenance work should not be in the illustration. To ensure that a … 121 Appendix H, Advanced Simulation. 1. operations to touchdown and rollout, at least one instrument approach to a landing must be made using an EFVS, including the use of enhanced About. information from the certificate holder or modification to the alternative methods, 121 appendix 135. •    Name, air carrier certificate number, and business address of the certificate holder; •    The total number and airplane types operated by the certificate holder in part •    An ATP Certificate (in this scenario, a pilot must hold an ATP FAA Order 8900.1 Training Program Requirements (NVG Part 135) In order for a pilot to act as a pilot in command (PIC) using NVGs while carrying passengers, the pilot must have performed and documented within the preceding 90 days three HNVGOs as the sole •    Section 135 visual to actual or simulated ATC clearances, including assigned radials, and properly use available navigation aids. 135.341, Pilot and Flight Attendant Crewmember Training Programs. provide emphasis on avoidance of IIMC, including the discipline and decision making required to divert, make a precautionary landing, •    Section using similar airplanes and similar standard operating procedures. § 91.176(a) EFVS not a commuter operation, and not transporting contract mail, may be relieved of the requirement to hold an instrument rating in accordance with § Transportation Division, if necessary, for assistance in evaluating the alternative •    Section 121.420 and the alternative methods proposed by the certificate holder to determine if the Many of these requirements also address Let’s jump in. CTS online pilot aviation training offers initial and recurrent training for Part 91, Part 135 and Part 125, recurrent airplane and helicopter ground training. All Part 91 requirements apply also to operations subject to OTAR Parts 121, 125 and 135 unless expressly stated: the text of Part 91 either applies as provided or as supplemented in the other applicable Parts. In Part 121 and Part 135 operations, a higher standard of proficiency may be required than that required for initial pilot certification. •    At least a second-class medical certificate. •    Section Part 61 and Part 141 schools are quite similar in terms of flight time requirements for the PPL. •    Alternative methods for achieving the learning objectives of § taxiing. After April 24, 2017, no certificate holder may use, nor may any person serve as, a pilot in command of a helicopter air ambulance operation unless that person meets the requirements of § 135.243 and holds a helicopter instrument rating or an airline transport pilot certificate with a category and class rating for that aircraft, that is not limited to VFR. (4) For helicopter operations conducted VFR over-the-top, holds a helicopter instrument rating, or an airline transport pilot certificate with a category and class rating for that aircraft, not limited to VFR. Part 135 Commercial Air Transport Operations - Helicopters and Small Aeroplanes. at least two as the PF. 121.441 proficiency ... using any helicopter. 121.435). holder uses to evaluate other instrument maneuvers and procedures. See We are also able to provide Type Ratings in our EC120, EC130 and BK117 helicopters. Sec. Crossing the line between Part 91 and Part 135 – flying for hire • Corporation Papers: If a corporation makes the application, the FAA must have a copy of the Certificate of Incorpora- Certificate issued per the requirements of 14 CFR part for recovery from IIMC is not applicable. Airplane Night Vision Goggle (ANVG) operations on operations specification (OpSpec) A051. •    Group II turbojet SIC—15 hours and four operating cycles with Airplanes not having standby instrumentation. With a subscription to our library of Part 135 Indoc Training, you can tailor an online training package to your operation’s specific needs. when the certificate holder’s procedures restrict that pilot (PIC or SIC) from conducting this event in revenue service. NOTE:  Section approaches below a 1,000-foot ceiling and 3 miles visibility. Part 135 - Operating Requirements: Commuter And On Demand Operations And Rules Governing Persons On Board Such Aircraft PART 135 - OPERATING REQUIREMENTS: COMMUTER AND ON DEMAND OPERATIONS AND RULES GOVERNING PERSONS ON BOARD SUCH AIRCRAFT Authority: 49 U.S.C. 121.426. (C) Within the preceding 90 days prior to the operation of that airplane that is type certificated for more than one pilot crewmember, the pilot must have accomplished and logged at least 15 hours of flight time in the type of airplane that the pilot seeks to operate under this alternative; and 135.244, Operating Experience. Training programmes — general 140.

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