reciprocating pump principle

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There is a wide range of reciprocating pumps which includes single-acting reciprocating, double acting – air and steam, and metering (also called piston pumps). Unmaintained, however, they can succumb to wear and tear. And the loss head is the net measurement of these losses.As we already discussed during the construction details of the pump, when the gear wheel of the prime mover motor rotates the rotational motion of the prime mover gets converted into the linear motion of the piston inside the cylinder.For every half-cycle of the rotation of the gear wheel or crank wheel, there will be one forward stroke of the piston.

Hd is the delivery head shown in our figure.This is the vertical distance between the level of the liquid source to the maximum height up to which the water has to be lifted. Hence, the pressure inside the cylinder becomes higher than the delivery head.

Due to this pressure difference, the delivery valve opens and water comes out from the outlet and flows through the delivery pipe to the delivery point. Reciprocating Pump A reciprocating pump essentially consist of a piston or plunger which moves to and fro inside a cylinder. The Pump which raises Water from Lower Level to Higher Level by the Reciprocating Action of Piston inside the Cylinder is known as Reciprocating Pump.Here in this post, I will like to share information on the reciprocating pump with you.01) A Cylinder in which Piston works. It is often used where a relatively small quantity of liquid is to be handled and where delivery pressure is quite large. Therefore,During the operation of the reciprocating pump, the movement of the piston creates pressure inside the cylinder. As we already discussed during the construction details of the pump, when the gear wheel of the prime mover motor rotates the rotational motion of the prime mover gets converted into the linear motion of the piston inside the cylinder.

When the piston moves in the forward direction the reciprocating pump discharges or delivers water. The Pump which raises Water from Lower Level to Higher Level by the Reciprocating Action of Piston inside the Cylinder is known as Reciprocating Pump. Reciprocating pumps, like reciprocating compressors, require inlet and outlet valves to ensure the liquid always travels from inlet to outlet. That means this suction valve traps the water coming inside the cylinder of the pump.During the backward movement of the piston in the cylinder, the water comes inside the cylinder. This is the simple working principle of a reciprocating pump. You see it is quite simple and straight forward. This is because during the movement of the liquid from source to the delivery point there will be frictional losses. We were discussing the basics of reciprocating pump, main components of a reciprocating pump, working principle of reciprocating pump, ideal indicator diagram of reciprocating pump, effect of acceleration and friction on indicator diagram of reciprocating pump and expression for acceleration head in the suction pipe of a reciprocating pump in our recent posts. During rotation of the gear fitted with the prime mover motor, the piston moves to and fro to create strokes.The suction head is the vertical distance between the level of the water source and the midpoint of the cylinder of the reciprocating pump. A reciprocating pump is a class of positive-displacement pumps that includes the piston pump, plunger pump, and diaphragm pump.Well maintained, reciprocating pumps can last for decades. DIAGRAM: CONTRUCTION DETAILS OF A RECIPROCATIN PUMP: Components of reciprocating pumps:-a) Piston or plunger: – a piston or plunger that reciprocates in a closely fitted cylinder. The cylinder is connected to suction and delivery tube each of which provide with a non return valve called suction valve and delivery valve.

Therefore, the pressure inside the pump created by the piston must be more than the static head H. So, the total head or gross head is the sum of the static head and loss head, that means,As we told already in our just previous paragraph that due to friction in the cylinder and pipelines of the pump, there will be some loss of head. As a result, the water enters the cylinder to fill the partial vacuum. Figure 12. This is the reason we refer to this movement of the piston as the suction stroke.Now for the next half-cycle of the prime mover, the piston moves forward or inward as shown in our figure.In that case, due to the forward movement of the piston, the volume inside the cylinder reduces. And during the very next half-cycle of the gear wheel, there will be a backward stroke in the piston.When the piston moves backward, it creates a low-pressure zone inside the cylinder.

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