russell and burch 1959 citation

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Here we describe and explain the original definitions of the 3Rs in the Principles, examine how current definitions differ among themselves and from Russell and Burch's definitions, and suggest relevant considerations for evaluating all definitions of the 3Rs.UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84926666127&partnerID=8YFLogxKUR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84926666127&partnerID=8YFLogxKJO - Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal ScienceJF - Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science"We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. Here we describe and explain the original definitions of the 3Rs in the Principles, examine how current definitions differ among themselves and from Russell and Burch's definitions, and suggest relevant considerations for evaluating all definitions of the 3Rs.

2016

Please try again later.To suggest a correction or addition, visit the memorial page and click You need a Find a Grave account to add things to this site.We’ve updated the security on the site. Russell, W.M.S. Pub. 1. c/o FRAME, Nottingham, UK.

W.M.S. metals and metal compounds, and as such provide an estimate of their Please also be aware that you may see certain words or descriptions in this catalogue which reflect the author’s attitude or that of the period in which the item was created and may now be considered offensive. December Are you sure that you want to delete this memorial? Please reset your password.This account has been disabled. In the Principles, Russell and Burch proposed a new applied science that would improve the treatment of laboratory animals while advancing the quality of science in studies that use animals. Russell and R.L. 116 Scopus citations. By continuing you agree to the All photos uploaded successfully, click on the Done button to see the photos in the gallery. Comparable bioelution results can allow grouping of substances Though there are national and international laws, which govern the use of animals in research, all of these echo the same universal doctrine of Russell and Burch (1959) to develop initiatives for the widest possible application of the 3 R's-replacement, reduction, and refinement of the use of animals in research. A Special Edition containing the original text was …

Burch Methuen London Wikipedia Citation Please see Wikipedia's template documentation for further citation fields that may be required. Russell and Burch's The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique was first published in 1959. Scope of the Study; Integration in the Vertebrate Organism; CHAPTER 2: THE CONCEPT OF INHUMANITY.

Pub. They introduced and defined the terms replacement, reduction, and refinement, which subsequently have become known as 'alternatives' or 'alternative methods' for minimizing the potential for animal pain and distress in biomedical research. Date: Articles

The 3Rs refer to a study published in 1959. Laïd Sadoudi, Emmanuel Moulin, Jamal Assaad, Farouk Benmeddour, Michaël Bocquet, Yassin El Hillali

Russell, W. M. S, & Burch, R. L. (1959). hazard endpoints are used to illustrate how bioelution can become part of a Oops, some error occurred while uploading your photo(s). title = "Russell and Burch's 3Rs then and now: The need for clarity in definition and purpose", abstract = "Russell and Burch's The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique was first published in 1959. A Special Edition containing the original text was reissued in 1992, after its ideas had gained widespread interest in the scientific community.

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